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The Chinese are credited with the invention of the musket. The musket was a later form of a weapon known as the hand cannon.
in the 1500's
The lock, the stock, and the barrel. The lock is the mechanism with hammer, trigger, pan, and other parts to fire the musket. The stock is the wooden furniture which allows the operator to hold and aim the musket. The barrel is the tube through which the projectile is fired, exactly like a modern weapon, except that musket barrels were smooth bored like a shotgun instead of rifled.
The rifled musket with the minie ball and percussion cap, the rifled cannon; breech loading, cartridge firing rifles and carbines like the Sharps, Spencer, and Henry; armored, steam powered gunboats; all made the battlefield more deadly.
Because it made the rifled musket shot to be lethal within a range of 600 meters and useful for more than 1 kilometer.