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Because they were at war with the British and it was carrying military supplies and ammunition to their enemies. The Germans even went as far as to take out ads in American newspapers warning American's not to board the Lusitania as it would be sailing through a war zone and would be subject to attack. All of this was arranged to facilitate America's involvement in the war by those that stood to profit from it. A Google search for Lusitania will open up tons of doors for you.
Militarily the Lusitania was listed as a reserve ship in the British naval registry, meaning that it could could be pressed into service for the royal navy (some reports state that she was already carrying munitions for Britain). In fact she was designed to be converted into an auxiliary cruiser if the need arose. Therefore it was a sound tactical decision to sink the ship. Furthermore, Germany had declared unrestricted submarine warfare making all British ships targets for sinking, under these conditions, having Lusitania on the naval reserve registry was placing the ship at risk.
However, the sinking of the ship became a major Propaganda victor for the entente as it raise millions of dollars, helped recruit thousands of soldiers and contributed to the US joining the war. In this respect it was a resounding strategic mistake.
Moral there is no question, sinking a passenger ship with so much loss of life was wrong. However that may not have been the uboat captains intent. The Lusitania was not expected to sink from one torpedo hit. The speed at which she sunk came as a shock as well, no one even expect her to go down, particularily not at the rate that she did.
Overall it was a wrong, but the decision to torpedo her can be defended.
In short, Germany thought it was smuggling weapons and ammo for the Allies and had the passengers as a... way to cover it up. The British denied those claims after it was sunk, but a dive on the Lus. confirmed it was loaded with weapons and ammo.
Because they were mad and to them a blame.
well the Germans used subs to sink boats supplying England
The Germans used U-Boats to try to attack all of the ships going to Britain, they ended up attacking Listuania, a passenger vessel that was caring amunition but happened to have 150 US passengers causing the US to get involved with the war
The Germans were not prepared for where the landings happened.The Germans were not prepared for where the landings happened.
The Germans used U-Boats to sink the merchant ships that were carrying supplies to Britain. German U-Boats were also used to target and sink naval vessels. On the day that Britain declared war on Germany, German U-boats sunk the British merchant ship the Athenia as it sailed from Liverpool to Montreal.