Communism is not a failure. Communism means a worldwide system, with no countries or borders or government or rulers or money, and has never existed. No wages or employment, just people co-operating for the common good. Look at the extent of voluntary work that goes on even under capitalism: there is every reason to believe that Communism would work very well for everyone.
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There was no incentive to work or create new goods and services which lead to a stagnation in the economy as well as massive inefficiency's (In Soviet Russia it was not unusual for a family to wait up to 10 years for a car) the Soviet Union also oppressed its people by censorship and the imprisonment of people who opposed the regime.
The most important reason was, the Stallin regime concentrated all the powers in their hands instead of 'all powers to soviets' the second reason was 'Stallin's two stage theory of revolution' instead of 'permanent/continuous revolution'. Because Marxism is Internationalism.
The only reason communism has failed is because of human flaw. In communism people are all supposed to share the work and be in the same class. But you get typical people who are just lazy and don't do their share of the work and just live off of what other people have done. Communism is a great idea but will probably never work because humans are a flawed species.
Because of human nature. Communism expects you to act against our own best interests by toiling for the common good and being happy with whatever scraps and mediocre subsistence they allow you. Instead of opportunity, where you have the chance to pursue a dream or a private life, you get to spend your life slaving away with no opportunity.
Usually, under communism, what they dole out to the citizens is vastly inadequate and of low quality. Supply chain mismanagement, hunger, shortages, and worse are common in communism.
The only people in a communist scheme who live enjoyably are the power brokers at the top of the government's power structure. Unless you're born into it or appointed by them, you don't get any...
Marxism didn't fail. Most of the revolutions that had Marxism as their ideology only had a perverted version of it. Also, all of the countries where a socialist revolution has occurred in highly unfavourable conditions, without the right material conditions socialism will almost certainly fail.
Communism is a global society with no classes or rulers or money or poverty. It has never existed and so cannot have failed.
Usually for economic reasons, but there are still nations dedicated to the ideals of communism, and others who are experimenting with this political concept.
Marxism did not fail. Marx’s idea of a society based on common ownership and ‘from each according to ability, to each according to need’ has never been put into practice.
The first avowed Marxist to be elected head of state was Salvador Allende. He became president in 1970
Mercantilism acted as a deterrent to free trade by enacting barriers in the same ways as protectionism. Restricting trade by tariffs hurt the country enacting the tariff as much as the countries that were forced to pay the tariff. In the end retaliatory tariffs caused the system to fail.
After World War I, The Russian Empire ceased to exist, giving rise basically to the Soviet Union (not mentioning the pro-Tsarist White governments during the Russian Civil War), which was officially the first Marxist government.
Bolsheviks
Winston Churchill