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In late 331 b.c., Alexander's army headed back north. He turned eastward and invaded Mesopotamia, now ruled by the Persians. Alexander's army smashed Darius's forces at Gaugamela, near the Tigris River. After this victory, Alexander's army took over the rest of the Persian Empire so in cnclusion after this victory he got the rest of persia

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it was the first time he really got to be a leader

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Q: Why was the battle of gaugamela so important to Alexander?
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Alexander the great defeated Darius III at what battle?

He won three major battles - Granicus, Issus and Gaugamela. He laid the foundation to this land conquest by capturiing the bases of the Persian navy in the Levant and Egypt, so eliminating the Persian threat to Greece - his source of manpower - in his absence in Asia. After the land wins, he fought on for another six years to take control of the Middle East and Central Asia.


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Persian infantry was unarmoured - they could not stand up to Macedonian and Greek armoured formations. The Persians first tried hiring Greek armoured infantry, but after winning the battle of Granicus, Alexander had the captured Greek mercenaries massacred as a warning for Greeks thinking of hiring themselves out to Persia. At the final battle of Gaugamela, the Persians had trained their own heavy infantry (Kardakes) but they were too raw and inexperienced to stand up to the seasoned phalanx of Alexander's army.


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