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The Virginia Plan proposed the idea for a bicameral legislation based on population. Prior to that, there was a unilateral congress. Before representatives were based on population, every state had one vote.
The House of Representatives is based on population and the senate is the same for all the states 2 per state.
The big state plan, or the Virginia plan called for states to be represented based on population, because Virginia as a state with a large population would consequently gain considerable influence under their own plan.
The House Chamber http://www.house.gov/house/Visitor.shtml
Connecticut compromise