Federal Employment: 2.7 Million Civilians and Holding for the year of 2004, this is the closest I can find.
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In federal bureaucracy the name game is the titles given to the many units that make up the executive branch. For example department is reserved for agencies of the Cabinet rank.
The President of the United States, along with his Secretaries (the Cabinet), and the heads of independent agencies within the administration of the Federal government. The federal system of government established by the Constitution of the United States allows ordinary citizens many ways to access government. The great increase in federal programs, beginning with the New Deal, called for an increase in the size of the bureaucracy. The bureaucracy is the organization of government administrators created to carry out legislation. It is one of the ways the citizen can access the government. The great majority of bureaucrats who are part of the civil service system are, for all practical purposes, beyond reach by elected officials. Each bureaucrat serves the department in which he/she works and can be fired only if certain steps are taken. So, in effect, the bureaucracy is controlled by the government that created it, and no one person, executive, or elected official.
There were many programs instituted in the 1930's and beyond. Some that may be discontinued are The Works Progress Administration, The Treasury Section of Fine Arts and Federal One.
The "power of the purse" ---congress can withhold funds from any sector of the bureaucracy which is why the agencies try so hard to influence Congress. In fact, Congress has the power to abolish government agencies and department and eliminate jobs filled by bureaucrats. ( They don't because government workers are also voters and campaigners and there as now so many of them that they can swing elections. Congressmen want to keep their jobs as much as the bureaucrats want to keep theirs. )
Approximatel 620,000 soldiers were killed during the American Civil War. There are no accurate figures of the number of civilians killed.