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At the beginning of the 1600s, the main source of labor was white indentured servants. They were four times more numerous than African slaves. However, as the cost of transatlantic transportation lowered, the numbers of indentured servants dropped, while the number of African slaves rose. This shift caused a change in the way African slaves were treated as well. Some blame the change on events such as Bacon's Rebellion, which lowered the way whites viewed people of color.

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