Previous school desegregation cases were based on arguments that used the inadequate equipment and buildings of segregated black schools as their premise of unfairness. Brown vs. Board of Education, on the other hand, argued that even if the facilities were equal in all other ways, it was the segregation that was the greatest injustice and in direct violation of the Fourteenth Amendment.
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Two important cases were decided by the US Supreme Court in 1954: Brown v. Board of Education and the lesser known Bolling v. Sharpe in the District of Columbia. In both cases, segregation by race was found unconstitutional.
There was no single case that ended segregation as a whole; the Civil Rights Movement gained ground a little at a time over the course of many cases, and with the assistance of long overdue legislation like the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 1968, etc.The case most often identified with the end of segregation is Brown v. Board of Education, (1954), where the US Supreme Court declared the "separate but equal" doctrine affirmed in Plessy v. Ferguson, (1896) unconstitutional under the Fourteenth Amendment Equal Protection Clause. The decision in Brown only dealt with segregation in the public schools, not in every aspect of life, but it laid a foundation for future decisions and laws that eventually ended legal segregation.For more information, see Related Questions, below.
Thurgood won 29 out of 32 cases
I believe the "fundamental limitation" on the doctrine of implide powers is and forever different for all levels. In some cases power, is the ability to control the masses or the media. In other cases, it's the secrets you behold that can save, or destroy lives of others singularly, or in multitudes, whether figuratively or literally. Implide powers is in a sense who ever can win over the masses or better decieves the masses, has less limited powers.
The first is Literalism, which insists upon a strict interpretation of the actual words used in the Constitution. The second is the Intent of the Framers, another technique that seeks to explain what the Framers at the time were trying to achieve in writing the constitution. The third is the Balancing of Interests, which is a technique that helps balance the Individualism and the Communitarian specter of the Constitution. The fourth and last one is the Stare Decesis, Latin for previous decision stands, is another technique of interpretation that remains useful in that the judge looks for precedents which resemble current controversy, finds the rule of law that was used in those cases, and applies it to the present case. In short, it is referring to the previous cases that were solved, this helps insure an incremental change in law rather than radical.