The explorers(Meriwether Lewis & William Clark) reached the western point of their journey in November 7, 1805.
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They were looking for the way to reach China, Japan and other eastern countries with which establish business relation, that is the mythical Northwest Passage.
The first Europeans to reach West Africa were the Portuguese in the 15th century. Prince Henry the Navigator wanted to cut out the middleman and sent explorers to West Africa to look for gold.
You can reach the US in either direction from the IDL. But the trip to any point in the US is shorter if you travel east from it.
This is a disputed answer. Some say the first European explorers to reach America were the Vikings, with Leif Erickson being the first of them. However, the settlement he founded in about the year 1000 AD in what the vikings called Vinland, and was probably on the coast of modern Newfoundland, Canada, lasted only a short time and the Vikings did not follow-up with further exploration and settlement. Erikson's exploration and settlement had little effect on Europe and none that we know of on America. The European exploration and settlement of America that had a lasting effect on both Europe and America was that which followed the exploratory journey of Christopher Columbus (called ChristoffaCorombo in his native Genoa and Cristóbal Colón in Spain) in the year 1492, some 500 years after Leif Erikson.
Lewis and Clark did not have an easy journey. They faced many challenges along the way. One of their most difficult challenges was passing over the western mountains. During this time, the men couldn't find much to eat and in desperation ate horses, dogs , and spoiled food. Sometimes the weather was extremely hot. At other times, the cold temperatures and Snow made it almost impossible to travel. Many men battled frostbite. But the expedition did eventually reach the Pacific Ocean.