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Congress imposed tariffs (taxes on imports or exports) to protect the New England textile industry.
New England
Slavery provided labor for the developing textile industries in the southern colonies.
The basis of the economy in the Southern American colonies was tobacco and cotton exports. As the colonies expanded westward, and later when much of the South was part of the USA, cotton exports expanded. There was demand for cotton in England as well as in the New England textile mills.
New England