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The north-eastern area of North America was home to a large number of tribes. Among them are:
- Abenaki (including the Penobscot)
- Mi'kmaq
- Montagnais-Naskapi
The Abenaki people lived in the area that became Maine, the Mi'kmaq were in Nova Scotia, Cape Breton Island and New Brunswick and the Montagnais were widely spread in many small bands in northern and eastern Quebec (their northern bands were known as Naskapi).
All of these groups spoke distantly-related Algonquian languages and are termed Algonquian tribes.
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TaigaYou understate the number of native American language groups by a huge margin. There are either 6 or 9 or 29 language families in North America alone (depending on how some are categorised) - and many, many more in Central and South America.
Just in North America, one system applied by linguists gives these language families:
- Eskimo-Aleut
- Na-Dene
- Macro-Algonquian
- Aztec-Tanoan
- Penutian
- Hokan-Coahuiltecan
- Keresan
- Macro-Siouan
- Yukian
Other suggested systems include these language groupings:
- Uto-Aztecan
- Na-Dene
- Algic
- Penutian
- Hokan
- Eskimo-Aleut
- Tsimshianic
- Wakashan
- Salishan
- Chimakuan
- Chinookan
- Kalapuyan
- Alsean
- Coosan
- Shastan
- Palaihnihan
- Wintuan
- Yuki-Wappo
- Pomoan
- Maiduan
- Utian
- Chumashan
- Yokutsan
- Yuman-Cochimi
- Keresan
- Kiowa-Tanoan
- Caddoan
- Siouan-Catawba
- Comecrudan
- Muskogean
- Iroquoian
- Isolates and unclassified languages
Whichever system is applied, there are far more than 3 native language families in the Americas (and native American does not just apply to the USA).
There aren't 3 major groups of Native American languages in any classification system.
In the Goddard-Campbell-Mithun system, there are 27 major groups:
- Algic
- Na-Dene
- Caddoan (>Macro-Siouan?)
- Chimakuan
- Chinookan (> Penutian?)
- Chumashan [chúMASH]
- Comecrudan
- Coosan [kus] (> Coast Penutian?)
- Eskimo–Aleut
- Iroquoian
- Kalapuyan [kalapúyan]
- Kiowa–Tanoan
- Maiduan
- Muskogean
- Palaihnihan (Achumawi–Atsugewi)
- Pomoan
- Sahaptian
- Salishan
- Shastan
- Siouan–Catawban
- Tsimshianic
- Utian
- Utaztecan
- Wakashan
- Wintuan (>Coast Penutian?)
- Yokutsan
- Yuman–Cochimi
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