Jingoism is defined in the Oxford English Dictionary as "extreme patriotism in the form of aggressive foreign policy".[1] In practice, it refers to the advocation of the use of threats or actual force against other countries in order to safeguard what they perceive as their country's national interests, and colloquially to excessive bias in judging one's own country as superior to others - an extreme type of nationalism. The term originated in Britain, expressing a pugnacious attitude towards Russia in the 1870s. During the 19th century in the United States, journalists called this attitude spread-eagleism. "Jingoism" did not enter the U.S. vernacular until near the turn of the 20th century. This nationalistic belligerence was intensified by the sinking of the battleship USS Maine in Havana harbor that led to the Spanish-American War of 1898.
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Jingoism is a type of foreign policy that leads to aggressive actions. A country with this type of policy often makes overt and sometimes comical threats against perceived threats from other nations.
Jingoism is extreme nationalism for one's own country, often leading to violence against foreigners or even immigrants. In American history it is often called American Exceptionalism.
In World War One President Wilson established the Committee on Public Information, which spread Propaganda to support the war effort. The CPI exhibited jingoism in that they always portrayed the US as the best and the central powers as being inferior or brutish. Jingoism was also evident in the Espionage Act of 1917, which violated the First Amendment in that it made prosecuting someone for saying anything that could be considered anti-American or opposed to the war effort legal. Over 2,000 people were tried under the Espionage Act, and half of them actually went to jail, notably Socialist Eugene Debs who would later run for president out of his jail cell.
Before the Spanish Revolution, yellow journalism created jingoism and caused a lot of Spanish anti-sentiment, which encouraged many Americans to want to fight the Spanish in defense of the Cubans