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How big was the Mayflower?
The Mayflower was about 90 feet long and 24 feet wide. The ship had three masts, carrying square rigged sails fore and aft, and carried a crew of 15 to 20 sailors and 102 passengers. The ship was rated as being able to displace 180 tons 360,000 pounds) of water when afloat fully loaded.
Why did the USS Constellation wet the sails during a chase?
The answer has to do with materials science, aerodynamics, and firefighting. On the materials side of the equation, wetting the sailing canvas commonly used in the "Age of Sail" caused the weave of sailcloth to tighten, resulting in a stiffer and flatter sail. Newton's laws and Bernoulli's principle come to play in terms of physics and aerodynamics. From a Newtonian point of view, a moving air mass is a force (F=MA) acting upon a sail. By applying force to one side of a sail, a vessel is caused to move in a complimentary direction (with the wind). The flatter a sail is, the more uniformly and efficiently an applied force can act in one direction. The more curved a sail, the more perpendicular force that will be converted into transverse (less-desired) force. In essence, the more the curve, the less the amount of force that will be applied in the desired direction of travel. So, a flatter sail is more efficient...until Mr. Bernoulli steps into the picture. A sail is also an airfoil in some aspects relative to the wind, so Bernoulli's principle tells us that an airfoil effect also impacts the efficiency of a sail. When a sail is moving through the wind, rather than merely being pushed along, it is in some respect flying through the wind the way an airplane wing flies. If a sail is slightly curved, this airfoil effect can be created, and in some circumstances, the resulting "lift" can have a greater effect on speed of travel than mere force of air mass pushing against a sail. So, the ideal cloth sail, will be as flat and stiff as possible to maximize Newtonian physics, while still having enough curve to maximize Bernoullian aerodynamics. Although it is believed sailors of the day didn't understand the science behind the value of wetting their sails, they certainly did understand the practical benefits of doing so. This brings us to the final notion, that of firefighting. As a good many of the ships in that age were subject to attack (war, piracy, etc.), and all were constructed out of flammable materials, fighting fires was a concern. Fires that broke out could threaten masts, rigging, sails, and even the vessels themselves. One of the added benefits of wetting sails was the idea that they were then less prone to damage from fire. It was also common practice to hang buckets of water in the rigging, so that sailors could ladel water out from above to douse flames on sails and rigging lines. In later years, "water engines" were variously used to propel water onto sails and rigging from both below and above. So, as we can see, wetting sails produces multiple effects that were deemed beneficial. In modern times, we don't face sea battles in sailing ships, and have new materials that allow us to efficiently make stronger sails that can be tightened more to create stiffer/flatter surfaces...but not too flat...
How was Maine's state flag design chosen?
As my Eight grade teacher explained it, if I remember correctly over 45 years ago:The Polar Star represents A stable point of guidance and direction to look toward should we loose our way.The Banner Dirigo (Meaning I Lead) means that we lead the nation as the sun rises, into a new day.The Coat of Arms represents the Honor of Maine citizens.The Farmer represents our farmlands with its domestic animals.The scythe represents the crops from our farms that feed us.The foreground water represents our over 2500 lakes rivers & streams.The Moose lying the the meadow represents our conservative coexistence with nature and wildlife.The large pine tree represents the Vast tall timbers we once had for the masts of sailing ships in the shipbuilding industry we once had.The background trees represent our vast varieties of timber for other products.The snow capped mountain represents one of our four seasons and mountains with our clear blue winter skies.The lower banner depicting MAINE shaped like a cup Holds all of that which is MaineThe men, farmer and seaman, stand on the platformed edges, in defense of our state, providing that which we need from the sea and land and to defend us from aggression.She was an avid Maine History buff, and I may remember it a bit different than she spoke of, but All in all she said "It depicts who we are in Maine and that which provides for us in times of good or bad"Although a 2001 survey claimes it to be the worst designed flag, It seems to me It holds more meaning than any in the nation
What is a sailing vessel with at least 2 masts with lower sails rigged fore and aft?
A schooner
What is a sailing vessel with three masts called?
A barque a sailing ship, typically with three masts, in which the foremast and mainmast are square-rigged and the mizzenmast is rigged fore-and-aft.
Sailing vessel with three or more masts?
Schooners and clippers have three or more masts...
What do you call a Small sailing vessel with two masts?
It is a Ketch
Sailing vessel with 2 masts one square rigged favoured by pirates?
That would be the Caravel.
What type of sailing vessel did Columbus use on his initial voyage to the Western Hemisphere?
Christopher Columbus used the type of sailing vessel called a caravel. Caravels were a common sailing ship built in the 15th and 16th centuries. They were small ships with a broad bow, a high narrow poop deck, and usually had three masts.
What is a two-masted sailing vessel called?
A brig is one type of two-masted sailing vessel. More specifically, a brig is a vessel with two square-rigged masts. This means that the two masts have square sails, as opposed to a vessel that is bermuda-rigged (triangle-shaped sails). There are other types of two-masted sailing vessels: Brigantine Brig or Brig-schooner Ketch Koch (type not based on rigging) Schooner Yawl. Of these, the ketch, schooner, and yawl still remain somewhat popular today.
What is a two masted sailing ship called?
A ketch is a sailing ship with two masts.
The term sailing ship refers to what kind of vessel?
A sailing ship is referred to nowadays as any large wind-powered vessel. Generally you will find that these ships are completely powered by a series of masts and sales.
What does the USS Constitution have 3 of?
The USS Constitution is a 3-masted Heavy Frigate. In sailing, the masts (bow to stern) on a square-rigged sailing vessel are the Foremast, Mainmast, and the Mizzenmast.
What does a sailing ship look like?
A sailing ship, also called a vessil has two masts a kell and a hull
What is a sailing vessel with a sleek hull and tail sails that could sail as fast as most sails that could sail as fast as most steamships in the 1840s?
You might be thinking about the sailing vessel known as a "clipper", a very fast sailing ship of the 19th century that had three or more masts and a square rig.
