Cotton and cotton alone.
That's why they needed so many foreign imports, so when the Northern-dominated Congress raised the tariff on imported goods (to protect US manufacturing industry, which was all in the North), the Southern states saw it as a hostile tax on the South.
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The north had an industrial based economy. The south had an agricultural based economy.
The North had an economy based on trade & manufacturing. The South's economy was based on farming. In the West, the economy was just emerging.
Slaves were expensive and cotton was a very hard crop to raise and maintaine. If a harvest of cotton failed it would negativiley impant the Souths economy.
commerce, handcrafts and farming
"A resource-based economy, dependant on harvesting or extracting natural resources for sale or trade."