Slavery was outlawed by an amendment to the US Constitution in 1865.
Each state where slavery was legal had to change their laws to match Federal Laws and that process took several more years.
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Slavery in the United States was abolished by the passage of the 13th amendment of the US Constitution in December, 1865. Amending the US Constitution was the only way to do this because in 1857, the US Supreme Court ruled in the Dredd Scott case that slaves were property, and never could be considered US citizens, let alone to vote. Other amendments would need to be passed to fix that.
The importation of slaves was outlawed in the United States in 1807. This happened under the Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves of 1807.
Involuntary servitude was outlawed after the civil war on January 31, 1865 by the 13th amendment.
The importation of slaves in the United States was abolished on January 1, 1808.
Although slaves were brought into the US after 1781, the importation was banned by Rhode Island in 1774, most other colonies by 1786, and Georgia in 1798. However, they continued to be imported legally into the South until 1808, when the Constitutional exclusion period expired.
In 1609 the first slave was brought into the United States to the Jamestown Colony. From that point on the number of slaves grew. When the cotton gin was invented it grew and by 1750 the southern population was 35% slave.
The Abolitionists wanted all the slaves to be freed, and slavery to be outlawed.
Before that war the majority of states had outlawed slavery, primarily in the North thou discrimination did occur. The Emancipation Proclamation threatened to free the slaves who were in the south if they did not rejoin the union. So nothing outlawed slavery outright but each state legeslated for itself and after the war the south had it forced upon them.