The movement one does in the name of their religion, can be termed as religious movement.
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Many joined a religious movement known as Fundamentalism. Fundamentalist believed in Creationism, that God created the world as described in the Bible.
Marcus Garvey is historically linked to the "Back to Africa" movement that encouraged the repatriation of slave descendants, and black solidarity within a unified Africa. Marcus Garvey (1887-1940) was born in Jamaica and travelled widely examining the status of blacks in Europe and America. He decided that they could only achieve parity with whites by uniting under their African heritage. He was a major leader in the Pan-African Movement, and also supported the continued colonization of Liberia in Africa. His movement of "African Redemption" became known as Garveyism, and was one basis for the Rastafari religious movement, where he is revered as a prophet.
The Great Awakening occurred around the 1740's. It was seen as a religious revival. The colonists were giving out more ideas of their own about what religion they would like to have and wanted to be different from the Church of England. Johnathan Edwards and George Whitefield were two heavy hitters in this movement and urged for people to be more religious with their minds and hearts.