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Articles of Impeachment must first pass the House of Representatives (Congress) by a simple majority. Conviction requires a two-thirds majority in the US Senate.
If he has been formally impeached by the House of Representatives, he is tried by the Senate, which is presided over the Chief Justice of the United States.
The Senate sits as the jury in an impeachment trial and would either convict or acquit the President.
The House of Representatives is the only body the US Constitution authorizes to impeach the President and other civil officers.
The House of Representatives has the sole power to impeach federal officials in the US.
No, the President does not have the power or authority to impeach the Vice President. The United States Constitution outlines who has the power to impeach the Vice President. Article I, Section 2, of the United States Constitution states, "The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other Officers; and shall have the sole Power of Impeachment." Article I, Section 3, of the United States Constitution states, "The Senate shall have the sole Power to try all Impeachments. When sitting for that Purpose, they shall be on Oath or Affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: And no Person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two thirds of the Members present."
The powers that are exclusively held by congress include ability to change taxes, impeach the president and declare war. These powers are expressed by the constitution.
The House of Representatives votes to impeach. The Senate tries and decides on sentence. The Impeachment can be thought of sort of like a Grand Jury decision. It allows the trial to go forward, but it's not the trial itself. Basically both parties are so committed to defending their own that it's unlikely either will ever vote to convict one of their own party. What the Republicans seemed ready to do vs Nixon is how this stuff should work. Be skeptical, but when evidence of wrongdoing by a President comes to light, you have to put your partisanship aside and become a professional. Unfortunately, the Dems failed to do that with Bill Clinton and Republicans failed to do it with Trump. That's the state of the country. We don't have good people in power in either party.