I assume you're addressing the Tariff of 1828. Many Southern states were prominent producers of cotton and raw materials which were bought by other countries, so a high tariff would severely hinder their sales and thus their economy. They claimed the tariffs were unconstitutional as the tariffs targeted one section of the economy (their agricultural sect) rather than the Northern industrious economy.
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Because it was the South that wanted cheap imports, having only one industry of its own, the cotton trade.
yes they did
The Tricky "Tariff of Abominations" In 1824, Congress increased the general tariff significantly. The Tariff of 1828- called the "Black Tariff" or the "Tariff of Abominations"; also called the "Yankee Tariff". It was hated by Southerners because it was an extremely high tariff and they felt it discriminated against them. The South was having economic struggles and the tariff was a scapegoat. The South Carolina Exposition, made by John C. Calhoun, was published in 1828. It was a pamphlet that denounced the Tariff of 1828 as unjust and unconstitutional. "Nullies" in the South In an attempt to meet the South's demands, Congress passed the Tariff of 1832, a slightly lower tariff compared to the Tariff of 1828. It fell short of the South's demands. The state legislature of South Carolina called for the Columbia Convention. The delegates of the convention called for the tariff to be void within South Carolina. The convention threatened to take South Carolina out of the Union if the government attempted to collect the customs duties by force. Henry Clay introduced the Tariff of 1833. It called for the gradual reduction of the Tariff of 1832 by about 10% over 8 years. By 1842, the rates would be back at the level of 1816. The compromise Tariff of 1833ended the dispute over the Tariff of 1832 between the South and the White House. The compromise was supported by South Carolina but not much by the other states of the South. http://www.apnotes.net/ch13.html
Abomination.
Tariff of Abominations
McKinley Tariff