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to attract new settlers
Through conquest and subversion of the native tribes. Technically speaking, they passed the Homestead Act, which gave settlers the right to carve out a plot of land, for free.
Spain, which held most of the territory west of the Mississippi River, refused to acknowledge America's westernmost boundary as the Mississippi where the Treaty of Paris had set it. Spain also denied the U.S. the "right of deposit" at New Orleans, which was also in Spanish possession. A right of deposit allows one nation to temporarily store goods on foreign soil without exorbitant fees. Both of those issues inhibited American trade on the Mississippi.
The United States sought to restore the right of deposit in the port city of New Orleans. In 1798, Spain took away these rights, causing much conflict with the Americans.
1830, Congress passes a Pre-emption Act which grants settlers the right to ... held in San Felipe de Austin, American settlers led by Stephen Austin vote to make ... force the settlers to flee into Illinois where they establish