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How did different social groups participated in civil disobedience movement India?
Different classes of people have different aspirations. They have different experiences in life and faced varied problems in British rule.Hence when the civil disobedience movement started, they participated in their own diffident ways. (Swaraj is hindi word for independence)
Rich Peasant Communities: They supported the movement. Due to falling prices and trade depression their commercial crops were not high in demand. Therefore they were finding it difficult to pay the revenue in cash. The refusal of the government to reduce the revenue demand led to widespread discontentment. For the rich peasants fight for swaraj was a struggle against high revenues.
Business classes: During the First World War, Indian merchants and businessmen had made huge profits. They wanted removal of restriction on their business activities, protection against imports of foreign goods and a rupee sterling ratio that would discourage imports. To organize business interests they formed Indian Industrial and Commercial Congress in 1920 and Federation of the Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industries in 1927.They supported Civil Disobedience Movement, gave financial assistance and refused to buy or sell imported goods. Swaraj for them was no restriction on their business and trade and industry would flourish.
Women: They participated in protest marches, manufactured salt, picketed foreign goods.
Poorer peasants: They were not interested in the movement. They were not satisfied with the lowering of revenue demand. They wanted the unpaid revenue to the landlord to be remitted. Many of them joined socialist parties, influenced by the ideas of the Russian Revolution.
Industrial Working class: They did not participate in large numbers. As the industrialists came closer to the Congress, they stayed aloof.
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