This question chiefly refers to the geographic regions including Northern Africa, Asia Minor, the Middle East, and South/Southwest Asia. Due to the tremendous diversity of identity, development, and individual cultural histories in Islam there is no such construct of a monolithic 'Muslim World.' What is known is the Imperial European powers of the British and French especially were able to exploit sectarian differences towards advantageous trade, political alliances, and ultimate land partitions in their departures, such as in India/Pakistan and Palestine/Israel.
when the first muslim government in subcontinent was stablished by
The Legacy of Muslim Rule in India was created in 1992.
Spain expelled the Muslim Moors in the 15th century.
Muhammad did
It was important as it stopped the spread of Islam (the Muslim belief) and let Christianity continue flourishing. If not for the Christians winning, the primary religion of the United States would be Islam.
they took advantage by exploiting religion
Albania, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, and Turkey are the only European countries who are majority Muslim.
There are not that many European Muslim countries. The three most important of them are Albania, Kosovo, and Bosnia & Herzegovina. North of Albania and Kosovo is Serbia and Montenegro. North of Bosnia is Croatia.
They controlled Muslim lands economically, tecnologically,and/or through military attacks.
Remove all western ideas from nations who were Muslim
To circumvent the costly overland trade which required them to trade with the Muslim world (the Middle East).
Under Papal wishes, the Kings of many Western European nations went/sent armies to 'regain' the Holy Land from the Muslim invaders.
European merchants learned techniques on how to manufacture paper from their Muslim counterparts.
The European Christians viewed the Muslim Turks as if they were evil villans. They took over the land that was rightfully theirs. At least in the mind of the European Christians.
Not including Turkey, Kosovo is the European country with the highest Muslim percentage of its population. 89.6% of Kosovo's population is Muslim.
Turks do not hate Moroccans. If anything they feel a kinship with Moroccans as they have many similarities due to being Muslim nations on the edge of Europe with numerous emigrants in European countries.
Many muslim were shocked and angry. But, it's not long lasted.