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Where did Chinese came from?
China is called Zhongguo (中國 or 中国) in Chinese. The character zhōng (中) means "middle" or "central," while guó (国 or 國) means "state". The term is commonly translated into English as "Middle Kingdom", but is also sometimes translated as "Central Kingdom". The name "Zhongguo" appeared first in the Classic of History (6th Century BC), and was used to refer to the late Zhou Dynasty, as they believe that they were the "center of civilization", while peoples in the four cardinals were called Eastern Yi, Southern Man, Western Rong and Northern Di respectively. Some texts imply that "Zhongguo" was originally meant to refer to the capital of the emperor, to differ from the capital of his vassels. The use "Zhongguo" implied a claim of political legitimacy. "Zhongguo" was often used by states who see themselves as the sole legitimate successor to previous Chinese dynasties; for example, in the era of the Southern Song Dynasty, both the Jin Dynasty and the Southern Song state claimed to be "Zhongguo". "Zhongguo" came to official use as an abbreviation for the Republic of China (Zhonghua Minguo) after the government's establishment in 1912. The People's Republic of China, established in 1949, is identified with the abbreviated name "Zhongguo". English and many other languages use various forms of the name "China" and the prefix "Sino-" or "Sin-". These forms are thought to derive from the name of the Qin Dynasty that first unified the country (221-206 BCE). The pronunciation of "Qin" is similar to "Chin", which is considered the possible root of the word "China".
Which was a charteristics of feudilism?
Feudalism was a ruling mechanism introduced into the Britain by the Normans when they invaded in 1066. It was a system of paying service to a higher authority to provide labour in all forms and formed the basis for land holding across the country until is ended around 1300 in its recognisable, pure Norman form. The basic premise of the feudal system was that the king owned all the land in the kingdom. His barons simply held it of him, a gift that was viewed as hereditary but this was not always set in stone and a payment was given to the king for those lands to pass to an heir, but could, at the whim of the king, be given to someone else. The barons were required to pay homage to the king to recognise his authority over them, and they owed service to the king in return for the land, for instance, twenty knights for twenty days in service with the king, often specified in later reigns whether they were to fight at home, e.g against the Welsh or local unrest, or abroad, in crusades and France. The barons had vassels below him who similarly owned service in order to keep hold of those lands which could also mean soldiers for the baron to then hand over to the king for service, or workers on the baron's land who would work for the baron for a set number of days per year. None of this prevented taxes being paid, but this was managed by the king through his barons and through the baron through to his vassels and their underlings. It was a huge pyramid and allowed the king a strong hold on the land as, ultimately, everything belonged to the king and everyone else was essentially borrowing it from him in return for a payment of service. Feudalism was also practiced in France which caused problems for the English kings who had lands in France, ie Henry II, Richard I and John, as they were required to pay homage to the French king for those lands and owed service and thereby appearing subservient to him despite being kings in their own right themselves. They, of course, hated this. Their lack of homage and service caused the French king Philippe Auguste, to fight to take them back and the English kings fought to keep them, and by conquest could claim them free from service. This didn't happen and in the time of King John the vast bulk were lost by 1204. Feudalism gradually came to end once the king required more money to fight wars abroad, crusades and wars in France to regain what was lost. Feudalism is absolute monarchy, but once the king's barons were asked to provide money over and above their feudal requirements and such taxes began to have to be agreed by the first parliaments, the king lost this absolute rule and feudalism died. Once the king has to request from his barons anything rather than demand, his rule is no longer feudal. The loss of territories abroad also brought about a change in the feudal system earlier than the first parliaments, as those with lands solely in England wanted more stability as they had held the lands for several generations and wanted them to pass entire to their heirs without question and this formed part of Magna Carta of 1215, which came some 11 years after the loss of Normandy, the part of the French holdings that concerned the English barony the most.
Did Vassels choose the pope?
no
Who received a fief in exchange for a pledge of loyalty?
The Vassels
Why did the sefs work on the land for the vassels?
to have a place to live.
Which blood vassels take blood away from the heart?
Arteries.
What was the system that ruled the relationships between lords and vassels in Europe?
Feudalism
What were Japanese vassels called?
Battleships, Aircraft Carriers, Cruisers, Destroyers and Submarines.
Tiny vassels through which diffusion takes place between the blood and the body tissues?
capillaries
During the middle ages which was the lowest class nobles serfs or vassels?
serfs and freeholders (peasants)
When lords started to give vassels in return by loyalty by devin?
they would chop off peoples heads
What is feudal order?
manor lord and his vassels and knights and serfs- a social order where agric.work is performed and supervised by landed gentry and protected by castle(s) and knights.
What was school like in medieval times?
school was so different the what it is now from 500 years ago
How did Europe become a capitalist country from feudalism?
Some say the invention of the printing press was the reason. Why? Because it made education more available to the people thus making them less happy to be vassels for a Fuedal Lord. They wanted their own land and own businesses and Capitalism begain.
