The Guillotine. ( pronounced ; Gee - o- teen) The 'G' is pronounced hard, like 'garden.. Used in the French Revolution of 1789.
The only other way of beheading was for the person to be executed, to have their head held across a block of wood, and an executioner would bring his axe down on the back of the neck. (King Charles (I) of England)
Other horrible methods of execution were, Crucifixion (Jesus Christ and St Peter), , Burning at the Stake(Joan of Arc), Drowning, "Hannging, Drawing and Quartering". Starvation(Doges Palace in Venixe). Stoning to Death (St. Stephen). Asphyxiation(Choking/throttleing). Poisoning(Socrates).
YES!!! Mankind has been very violent towards himself in the past.
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It was the Guillotine. One of the many brutal executions deviced by man.
An axe.
The instrument you have here in question would be a variation of the guillotine. Once used as the instrument used in putting to death those sentenced to death. As a matter of fact, Spanish speaking persons use the same name for both, guillotina = the ancient machine of death and the modern hand operated paper cutting machine.
He betrayed his country. He basically planned and attack on them, but it failed. He tried to abandon his country [France] in their time of need.
Long story short; The end of monarchy brought to existence different factions, one of them while it was in majority had the idea to arrest and judge (and behead) the "anti revolutionnaries". This is the period we call "the Terror".
The 30.cal machine gun.