Jonh Adams
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Sons of Liberty
In August, 1966, Mao Zedong called for the start of a Cultural Revolution at the Plenum of the Communist Central Committee. He urged the creation of corps of "Red Guards" to punish party officials and any other persons who showed bourgeois tendencies. These sessions often included physical violence, and many of the accused died or ended up being held in reeducation camps for years. Mao likely was motivated to call for the so-called Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution in order to rid the Chinese Communist Party of his opponents after the tragic failure of his Great Leap Forward policies. Mao knew that other party leaders were planning to marginalize him, so he appealed directly to his supporters among the people to join him in a Cultural Revolution. He also believed that communist revolution had to be a continuous process, in order to stave off capitalist-roader ideas.
Executions began the French Revolution at the Bastille. They were not state sanctioned, but they were much more then murder or simple mob violence. The actual Reign of Terror goes from 27 June 1793 until 27 July 1793 when thousands met their death.
It remains an important historical moment in Western Civilization in part because of the sound principals it espoused, second because of the violence that it generated and finally because because of some of the errors that lead to unintended consequences.
The Reign of Terror was a period of violence during the French Revolution. It lasted from September, 1793 to July 1794 and is named for the many executions of those denounced as "enemies of the state", mainly in Paris but also in other areas of France. Most were guillotined (beheaded), as were King Louis XVI and his wife, Marie Antoinette, earlier in 1793.