During the revolution they were called commoners. Among them, there were also some sans-culottes (beggars and homeless people).
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The French revolution was very, very violent! Thousands of people were murdered in the most horrifying way.
Very brave French people during World War II who sabotaged the German war effort.
Class boundaries were very rigid during Elizabethan times. People remained in the strata of society they were born in for the rest of their lives. The highest level of Elizabethan society were the nobles, whose ranks included Queen Elizabeth herself. Directly following were the gentry. These were usually land rich lords, or gentlemanly tenants who lived on vast country properties. At the bottom of the hierarchy were the peasants. They lacked money and power, and lived in a society where there were no safety nets for the poor.
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To suppress the counterrevolutionaries who were suspected of working with enemies of France. The reason the people tolerated the Reign of Terror was that they were very afraid of Austria and Prussia, who were invading France and threatening to restore the monarchy.