Mithradates was one of any of three Pontian Kings or rulers of the Kingdom of Pontus during the times of the Roman Empire. Pontus was located on the south-eastern coast of the Black Sea and extended into Anatolia as far as the Pontic Alps region.All the Kings named Mithradates were directly related being either the son,grandson or grandfather of the other two. All three waged war against the might of the Roman Empire to keep Pontus free of direct Roman control or subjugation in the form of payment. Pontus was a Greek kingdom that was for a time ruled over by a Persian aristocracy which was eventually Hellenized by the time of the Roman conquest.
Julius Caesar was in many wars because in Caesar's time the only way for an ambitious man to move up he political ladder was to have military experience. He began his military career when he was an aid to he governor of Asia in a war against Mithradates IV of Pontus. He then had a mini war against the pirates who had captured him and then another war against Mithradates. After his paetorship he was governor of Spain and was at war there, he came back to Rome, was elected consul and then received a military command in Gaul, then came the civil war, the Alexandrian war, the war in Pontus, the war in Africa against Cato, and the final war in Spain. He was preparing for yet another war when he was assinated.Julius Caesar was in many wars because in Caesar's time the only way for an ambitious man to move up he political ladder was to have military experience. He began his military career when he was an aid to he governor of Asia in a war against Mithradates IV of Pontus. He then had a mini war against the pirates who had captured him and then another war against Mithradates. After his paetorship he was governor of Spain and was at war there, he came back to Rome, was elected consul and then received a military command in Gaul, then came the civil war, the Alexandrian war, the war in Pontus, the war in Africa against Cato, and the final war in Spain. He was preparing for yet another war when he was assinated.Julius Caesar was in many wars because in Caesar's time the only way for an ambitious man to move up he political ladder was to have military experience. He began his military career when he was an aid to he governor of Asia in a war against Mithradates IV of Pontus. He then had a mini war against the pirates who had captured him and then another war against Mithradates. After his paetorship he was governor of Spain and was at war there, he came back to Rome, was elected consul and then received a military command in Gaul, then came the civil war, the Alexandrian war, the war in Pontus, the war in Africa against Cato, and the final war in Spain. He was preparing for yet another war when he was assinated.Julius Caesar was in many wars because in Caesar's time the only way for an ambitious man to move up he political ladder was to have military experience. He began his military career when he was an aid to he governor of Asia in a war against Mithradates IV of Pontus. He then had a mini war against the pirates who had captured him and then another war against Mithradates. After his paetorship he was governor of Spain and was at war there, he came back to Rome, was elected consul and then received a military command in Gaul, then came the civil war, the Alexandrian war, the war in Pontus, the war in Africa against Cato, and the final war in Spain. He was preparing for yet another war when he was assinated.Julius Caesar was in many wars because in Caesar's time the only way for an ambitious man to move up he political ladder was to have military experience. He began his military career when he was an aid to he governor of Asia in a war against Mithradates IV of Pontus. He then had a mini war against the pirates who had captured him and then another war against Mithradates. After his paetorship he was governor of Spain and was at war there, he came back to Rome, was elected consul and then received a military command in Gaul, then came the civil war, the Alexandrian war, the war in Pontus, the war in Africa against Cato, and the final war in Spain. He was preparing for yet another war when he was assinated.Julius Caesar was in many wars because in Caesar's time the only way for an ambitious man to move up he political ladder was to have military experience. He began his military career when he was an aid to he governor of Asia in a war against Mithradates IV of Pontus. He then had a mini war against the pirates who had captured him and then another war against Mithradates. After his paetorship he was governor of Spain and was at war there, he came back to Rome, was elected consul and then received a military command in Gaul, then came the civil war, the Alexandrian war, the war in Pontus, the war in Africa against Cato, and the final war in Spain. He was preparing for yet another war when he was assinated.Julius Caesar was in many wars because in Caesar's time the only way for an ambitious man to move up he political ladder was to have military experience. He began his military career when he was an aid to he governor of Asia in a war against Mithradates IV of Pontus. He then had a mini war against the pirates who had captured him and then another war against Mithradates. After his paetorship he was governor of Spain and was at war there, he came back to Rome, was elected consul and then received a military command in Gaul, then came the civil war, the Alexandrian war, the war in Pontus, the war in Africa against Cato, and the final war in Spain. He was preparing for yet another war when he was assinated.Julius Caesar was in many wars because in Caesar's time the only way for an ambitious man to move up he political ladder was to have military experience. He began his military career when he was an aid to he governor of Asia in a war against Mithradates IV of Pontus. He then had a mini war against the pirates who had captured him and then another war against Mithradates. After his paetorship he was governor of Spain and was at war there, he came back to Rome, was elected consul and then received a military command in Gaul, then came the civil war, the Alexandrian war, the war in Pontus, the war in Africa against Cato, and the final war in Spain. He was preparing for yet another war when he was assinated.Julius Caesar was in many wars because in Caesar's time the only way for an ambitious man to move up he political ladder was to have military experience. He began his military career when he was an aid to he governor of Asia in a war against Mithradates IV of Pontus. He then had a mini war against the pirates who had captured him and then another war against Mithradates. After his paetorship he was governor of Spain and was at war there, he came back to Rome, was elected consul and then received a military command in Gaul, then came the civil war, the Alexandrian war, the war in Pontus, the war in Africa against Cato, and the final war in Spain. He was preparing for yet another war when he was assinated.
In the early third century BCE, the Parthians began to fight for their independence from the Seleucids. The Parthians revolted against the Seleucids and their overlord. Parthians greatest conqueror, Mithradates I, came to throne aboout 171 BCE and transformed their state into a conquering empire. He extended as far as Iran and Mesopotamia.
A question of some debate. Although a symbol of several Muslim countries, it was first popularised on the Ottoman flag, and can trace itself back to pre-Islamic Turkic tribes. The earliest reference being from the kingdom of Mithradates the VI in the first century BCE. Popular legends include the appeareance of the symbol in the blood of Turkish warriors after the battle of Manzikert in 1071.
Antiochus took the title Epiphanes (meaning God Manifest) when he took the Seleucid throne in 174 BCE. Kings by tradition gave themselves an epithet once taking power, like Alexander 'The Great.' Antiochus's epithet is said to be the first time a king chose to call himself 'God' though Egyptian Pharaohs were known to compare themselves to deities. Another interesting side note is Antiochus was not named Antiochus at birth. His name was Mithradates. ~J.M. DeBord PS - I wrote a novel featuring Antiochus titled "Something Coming."
The earliest clear evidence of a water wheel comes from the ancientGreece and Asia minor, being recorded in the work of Apollonius of Perge of c. 240 BC, surviving only in Arabic translation. This has led to suggestions that it may be a later Arabic addition to the treatise.[3] Mithradates VI Eupator of Pontus had a water mill at his palace at Cabira before 71 BC.[4] In the 1st century BC, the Greek epigrammatist Antipater of Thessalonica was the earliest to make a clear reference to the waterwheel, which Lewis has recently argued to be a vertical wheel. Antipater praised it for its use in grinding grain and the reduction of human labour:
the ancient history of rome is complex. it supposedly started out with Aeneas of troy traveling to Italy and starting a city near the banks of the Tiber River called Lavinium. as time went on it became the centre of the Roman Monarchy ruled by the Etruscans of northern Italy. 15 generations after Aeneas King Amulius usurped the throne from his brother Numitor. Numitors daughter "supposedly" was impregnated by the god mars and gave birth to Romulus and Remus. story goes that after being left to die by Amulius, both Romulus and remus are found and raised by a she-wolf. (interestingly the latin word for she-wolf also translates for prostitute) the twins are then discovered by a shepherd and raised by him. as young men they raise an army and defeat Amulius and establish rome on the banks of the Tiber in 753BCE. romulus then kills remus in a fight and becomes king of rome. the roman monarchy lasts until 510 BCE in which a revolution occurs and rome becomes a republic. this republic starts to fall into decline at roughly 140BCE with the Gracchi brothers trying to cause reforms for the plebians (lower class) whilst gaining positions in the senate (ruling Government) through the office of Tribune (magistracy in senate) after their death Marius causes upraor in the senate after holding 7 consecutive consulships (consul is the head of the senate) causing a civil war against Sulla. after sulla defeats marius he becomes dictator and establishes new rules in senate regulating the length of time between holding each magistracy and how you achieve a magistracy. after re-establishing new laws he then dies. Pompey then goes against Sulla's laws and breaks down the strength of the senate by indirectly threatening them with his army so as to gain AUCTORITAS (meaning give him greater influence over the other senators) Pompey then gains the consulship in the incorrect manner according to sulla's Laws. after defeating Mithradates (King of Pontus and Bythinia, asiaminor under the black sea) and The pirates pompey is murdered by his rivals. Caesar an ally of pompey's to an extent starts gaining auctoritas and eventually installs himself as dictator. after his murder at the hands of Brutus his friend, Octavian his hier and his friend Mark Antony murder caesars assassins. Octavian and Mark Antony then lead a civil war against each other in which octavian wins and is crowned Emperor and is named Augustus in 30 BCE. this all happens over a very long time as you can see. this line of emperors continues until Nero's death and is taken up by a new emperor called vespasian this flavian line continues until the barbarians and the goths overun them a couple hundred years later. this answer is missing a number of dates but some of your own research should fill in the gaps. enjoy. you should also note that the story of aeneas and romulus and remus was made up by the roman writer Vergil at the command Of Augustus in order to show the Greeks that they to had historical links to the archaic bronze age of heroes such as Hecktor, Achilles, Paris and Odyseeus to
the ancient history of rome is complex. it supposedly started out with Aeneas of troy traveling to Italy and starting a city near the banks of the Tiber River called Lavinium. as time went on it became the centre of the Roman Monarchy ruled by the Etruscans of northern Italy. 15 generations after Aeneas King Amulius usurped the throne from his brother Numitor. Numitors daughter "supposedly" was impregnated by the god mars and gave birth to Romulus and Remus. story goes that after being left to die by Amulius, both Romulus and remus are found and raised by a she-wolf. (interestingly the latin word for she-wolf also translates for prostitute) the twins are then discovered by a shepherd and raised by him. as young men they raise an army and defeat Amulius and establish rome on the banks of the Tiber in 753BCE. romulus then kills remus in a fight and becomes king of rome. the roman monarchy lasts until 510 BCE in which a revolution occurs and rome becomes a republic. this republic starts to fall into decline at roughly 140BCE with the Gracchi brothers trying to cause reforms for the plebians (lower class) whilst gaining positions in the senate (ruling Government) through the office of Tribune (magistracy in senate) after their death Marius causes upraor in the senate after holding 7 consecutive consulships (consul is the head of the senate) causing a civil war against Sulla. after sulla defeats marius he becomes dictator and establishes new rules in senate regulating the length of time between holding each magistracy and how you achieve a magistracy. after re-establishing new laws he then dies. Pompey then goes against Sulla's laws and breaks down the strength of the senate by indirectly threatening them with his army so as to gain AUCTORITAS (meaning give him greater influence over the other senators) Pompey then gains the consulship in the incorrect manner according to sulla's Laws. after defeating Mithradates (King of Pontus and Bythinia, asiaminor under the black sea) and The pirates pompey is murdered by his rivals. Caesar an ally of pompey's to an extent starts gaining auctoritas and eventually installs himself as dictator. after his murder at the hands of Brutus his friend, Octavian his hier and his friend Mark Antony murder caesars assassins. Octavian and Mark Antony then lead a civil war against each other in which octavian wins and is crowned Emperor and is named Augustus in 30 BCE. this all happens over a very long time as you can see. this line of emperors continues until Nero's death and is taken up by a new emperor called vespasian this flavian line continues until the barbarians and the goths overun them a couple hundred years later. this answer is missing a number of dates but some of your own research should fill in the gaps. enjoy. you should also note that the story of aeneas and romulus and remus was made up by the roman writer Vergil at the command Of Augustus in order to show the Greeks that they to had historical links to the archaic bronze age of heroes such as Hecktor, Achilles, Paris and Odyseeus to