Vladimir I. Lenin founded the Bolshevik Party in 1903.
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The actual word is derived from the Russian word 'bolshe', which means more. Originally, the Bolsheviki (or Bolsheviks in English) were a radical faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (RSDLP), a Marxist political party. The less radical faction of the RSDLP was called Mensheviki, derived from the word 'menshe', less. The Bolsheviks, of course, became the Russian Communist Party (the soviet union). The word "soviet" means "council" in Russian.
The Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (RSDLP) was the first Marxist party in Russia. In 1903, the party split into two factions, the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks. The Bolsheviks eventually split off completely from the RSDLP and formed their own party. The Bolshevik Party eventually became the Communist Party in 1918.
Vladimir Lenin and the Bolshevik Party masterminded the revolution in November 1917. It is called the October Revolution, though, because it happened on October 25-26, 1917 according to the Julian calendar then in use in Russia. According to the Gregorian calendar then in use in western nations, it was November, because the Julian calendar was 13 days behind the Gregorian calendar.
He attended a meeting of Bolshevik leaders in Petrograd.