Condition of India immediately after 1947 & Need for Unification At time of independence in 1947, there were more than 600 princely states including - Jammu & Kashmir, Hyderabad, Bhopal, Travancore, Junagarh, Baroda, Goa, Bikaner, Patiyala, Rewa, Mewad. Hyderabad being the the largest one. http://wiki.answers.com/wiki/Indian_independenceHYPERLINK/wiki/India was divided into two sets of territories -- the first being the territories under the control of the http://wiki.answers.com/wiki/British_Empire, and the second being the territories over which http://wiki.answers.com/wiki/The_Crown had http://wiki.answers.com/wiki/Suzerainty, but which were under the control of their hereditary rulers. In addition, there were several colonial enclaves controlled by http://wiki.answers.com/wiki/France and http://wiki.answers.com/wiki/Portugal. Unification of all the princely states into a single powerful nation was neede to survive, to progress & to emerge as a stable & powerful country of the continent.
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The political conditions in British India prior to the 1947 Independence and partition were complex in terms of governance and nationality questions. Geographically, what is today India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Burma. Governance was between Indian Rajahs and other British instruments. The years prior to 1947 were marked by a growing and ultimately irreconcilable split among Gandhi and Nehru's Congress Party and Jinnah's Muslim League which culminated in the forced migration, ethnic/sectarian cleansing and the atrocities of the during the Partition of India.
Hindus and Muslims engaged in conflict as migrants moved between the two nations.
Shrimati Sucheta Kripalani sang .
India wanted to be free from the British rule. Independence was granted on August 15th, 1947.
The first priminister of India was Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru. Nehru held this position from 1947 until his death in 1964. He was education at Cambridge University, in the United States, and returned to his homeland. He quickly became involved in the political system of India.