It created the power of judicial review.
It gave it the power to hear special cases.
It increased the original number of justices.
It set up a new way to appoint justices.
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The Supreme Court of the United States (aka US Supreme Court), which was established by the first Act (Judiciary Act of 1789) of the First Congress on September 24, 1789.
supreme court
Congress created a rudimentary federal court system in The Judiciary Act of 1789. Although Article III of the Constitution mandated a US Supreme Court.
No. The Judiciary Act of 1789 established the US Supreme Court and a rudimentary federal court system, but did nothing with regard to state courts. Each state established its own court system.
Congress created the Supreme Court of the United States and the first "inferior courts" of the federal judiciary in the Judiciary Act of 1789, but has expanded or dismantled parts of the federal court system at various points in history via other Judiciary Acts. The only federal court Congress cannot abolish is the Supreme Court because it is mandated under Article III of the Constitution.