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Why does this article refer to this court as supreme?
I'm not sure what article you're referencing, but it's likely referring to the United States Supreme Court. The United States Supreme Court is the highest court in the country, with jurisdiction over federal and state court cases.
Is the US Supreme Court the only court established by the Constitution?
No. The framers of the Constitution anticipated there would be a need for a more complex court system, but they gave power to Congress to determine what form the federal judiciary would take.Article III, Section 1, mandates the creation of a Supreme Court and inferior courts: The judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The judges, both of the supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behaviour, and shall, at stated times, receive for their services, a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office.
How did the US Supreme Court get its name?
Article III, Section 1, of the US Constitution mandates creation of a "Supreme Court." Although it doesn't specify the Court must be named according to its function, that was probably the most expedient thing to do. Most, if not all, countries have Supreme Courts and/or High Courts, so that is the traditional term for the highest appellate court in a State or nation.== "The judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The judges, both of the supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behaviour, and shall, at stated times, receive for their services, a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office."
Does Congress have the power to create a court equal to but not higher in power than the US Supreme Court?
No. Article III, Section I of the Constitution specifies that there is only one Supreme Court, but Congress can create inferior courts at its discretion.Article III, Section 1"The judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The judges, both of the supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behaviour, and shall, at stated times, receive for their services, a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office"
Are tribunals inferior to the US Supreme Court?
Yes. Article III, Section 1 mandates one Supreme Court and refers to other courts (and tribunals) as inferior:Article III, Section 1Section 1. The judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The judges, both of the supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behaviour, and shall, at stated times, receive for their services, a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office.
