I believe you are referring to two separate terms, high crimes, and misdemeanors. Misdemeanors are lower level crimes punishable by confinement in a county jail for a period of no longer than one year. High crimes are felonies (higher level crimes) punishable by confinement in a state or federal prison for a period of one year to life, or the death penalty.
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High crimes and misdemeanors are offenses committed by officials. It is actually a descriptive term instead of an actual statue or particular legal accusation.
basically anything can be considered high crimes and misdemeanors. examples:
high crimes: killing , rape, etc
misdemeanors small theft, etc
According to the US Constitution (Article II, section 4), a president can be impeached for bribery, treason, or other "high crimes and misdemeanors." President Andrew Johnson (1868), President Richard Nixon (1974) and President Bill Clinton (1998-99) are the only three presidents ever considered for impeachment.
Article 2, Section 4 states that the President, Vice President and all civil officers of the United States shall be removed from office upon impeachment and conviction of treason, bribery or other high crimes and misdemeanors. The term "misdemeanors" has been construed so that it does not refer to misdemeanors in the general criminal law sense, i.e., minor infractions. The term is read in conjunction with the other 3 items, treason, bribery, high crimes i.e. very serious offenses.
1) Exceeding the constitutional bounds of the office. 2) Behaviour grossly incompatible with the proper function and purpose of the office. 3) Employing the power of the office for an improper purpose or for personal gain. Source: usgovinfo.com
Under Article II of Section 4 in the U.S. Constitution "...shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors." The exact definition of what constitutes an impeachable offense is up to Congress to decide. The House decides what the charges are. The Senate holds the trial and serves as jury with the Chief Justice presiding in the trial.
Presidents and civil officers can be impeached for accepting bribes or committing treason and other high crimes and misdemeanors. Only Congress has the power to impeach the president.