A plaintiff or defendant in a federal court case (or in a state court case where a Federal Constitutional issue is in dispute ) who wants to appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States may ask for a writ of certiorari. The U.S. Supreme Court is obligated to take certain cases on appeal (for example, capital murder cases) but has discretion to take or not take certain others. The writ of certiorari is the Supreme Court's written agreement to take one of those discretionary cases on appeal.
Any court, even a lower state or federal District Court, can find a federal law that is relevant to a case or controversy before that count unconstitutional, if the court has a rational basis for making such determination. These cases often end up being petitioned to the US Supreme Court for a definitive answer.
fourteenth amendment
Supreme Court justices are often chosen on the basis of their qualifications. However, since being a judge is a political position, justices can also be chosen based on their political viewpoints.
To this day, there here is a constitutional basis that definitely states for the American government is to charge an income tax. In the United States tax is determined by applying a tax fee which increases as income increases.
A plaintiff or defendant in a federal court case (or in a state court case where a Federal Constitutional issue is in dispute ) who wants to appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States may ask for a writ of certiorari. The U.S. Supreme Court is obligated to take certain cases on appeal (for example, capital murder cases) but has discretion to take or not take certain others. The writ of certiorari is the Supreme Court's written agreement to take one of those discretionary cases on appeal.
The verdict was only a formality. Scopes was fined $100. The Supreme Court did overturn the decision, but did so on a technicality instead of constitutional basis.
According to the United States Supreme Court, no. The original idea of Obamacare was to create a single-payer, mandatory health care system fed by public taxes. The United States Supreme Court ruled that this idea was unconstitutional on the basis that healthcare is not constitutional right, and that the government may not force taxpayers to pay for a service they may not need. After the Supreme Court shot the idea down, Obamacare, as we know it now, was formed.
The Constitution
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It must still be constitutional
It must still be constitutional
It being a time of war, security of the nation came first. Although hasty on the part of the US, Japanese residents were rounded up and placed in internment camps.
Any court, even a lower state or federal District Court, can find a federal law that is relevant to a case or controversy before that count unconstitutional, if the court has a rational basis for making such determination. These cases often end up being petitioned to the US Supreme Court for a definitive answer.
fourteenth amendment
It was made and developed the basis for constitutional law that we have today.
Appeal what?