The names (or existence) of particular courts will vary state by state, but generally states have a trial courts which has general jurisdiction, trial courts with specific jurisdiction over some specific type of case such as traffic offenses, appeals courts, and a state supreme court.
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The three levels of courts in the federal justice system are the district courts, the court of appeals, and the supreme court.
There are far more than three kinds of courts in the US, but the broadest categories are probably:
state supreme courts
The Congress of the United States originally established the Arizona territorial courts in the Organic Act of 1863. They organized the courts on three levels. They were justice of the peace courts, probate and district courts, and a supreme court. The district courts made up the main judicial body and tried the majority of cases. The transition from territorial to state status was smooth for the Arizona Courts. The state provided immediate judicial courts with the JP courts, superior courts, a supreme court and a federal district court.
state courts.
There are three types of courts in the state of Illinois. The Supreme Court of the state has seven justices. The Appellate Court has 54 judges and the District Courts have 23 judicial circuits.
federal courts