state supreme courts
Chat with our AI personalities
The Supreme Court of the United States was created in 1789. Most of the cases the court hears come from lower courts. Each year, the Supreme Court receives 7,000 or more requests to hear cases from lower courts.
The Supreme Court is the most powerful federal court. The Courts of Appeal are the most powerful courts most litigants will ever reach (the Supreme Court only hears a tiny number of cases a year). The District Courts are the trial level courts.
Most courts use a 'docket'.
The United States territorial courts are tribunals established in territories of the United States by the United States Congress, pursuant to its power under Article Four of the United States Constitution, the Territorial Clause. Most United States territorial courts are defunct because the territory under their jurisdiction have become states or been retroceded. Among the United States territorial courts still in existence are:United States District Court for the Northern Mariana IslandsDistrict Court of GuamDistrict Court of the Virgin IslandsTheir jurisdiction is similar to that of a United States district court.
There are more than three US (or federal) courts, but the three best-known courts are the Article III courts of general jurisdiction:US District CourtsThe 94 US District Courts are the trial courts of the federal judiciary. They have jurisdiction over most types of cases, both civil and criminal, within their geographic areas. Appeals from US District Courts go to the US Court of Appeals Circuit Courts.US Courts of Appeals Circuit CourtsThere are thirteen United States Courts of Appeals Circuit Courts comprising the intermediate appellate step between the District Courts and the Supreme Court. Twelve of these courts handle cases from District Courts within their geographic areas. The Circuits are specifically referred to by name or number; for example, United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit or United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. The thirteenth Circuit court is the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, which has nationwide jurisdiction over cases from the courts of International Trade and Federal Claims. They also review patent cases and other matters.Supreme Court of the United StatesAlthough we often refer to the highest court in the nation as the US Supreme Court (to distinguish it from state supreme courts), the official name is the Supreme Court of the United States, often abbreviated SCOTUS.The nine justices (one Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices) primarily hear cases on appeal from the Circuit Courts, although they may hear certain types of cases directly from the US District Courts, and also from state supreme courts, if the case involves a preserved matter of federal or constitutional law.Most cases are submitted to the Supreme Court on a petition for a writ of certiorari, a request for the Court to review the petitioner's case. In 2009, the Court received more than 7,700 petitions, and accepted fewer than 100 for oral argument. The Court has sole discretion over which cases it hears, so the justices choose matters of national importance or issues where the Constitution is being interpreted inconsistently or in opposition to the Court's opinion.For more information, see Related Questions, below.