The Judiciary Act of 1789
Congress created the Supreme Court of the United States and the first "inferior courts" of the federal judiciary in the Judiciary Act of 1789, but has expanded or dismantled parts of the federal court system at various points in history via other Judiciary Acts. The only federal court Congress cannot abolish is the Supreme Court because it is mandated under Article III of the Constitution.
AnswerNo. Congress established the federal court system in the Judiciary Act of 1789, and has modified the system in subsequent legislation.ExplanationThe Supreme Court is the only federal court established by the Constitution. The remaining federal courts were to be established by the Congress. Article III, Section 1, states: "The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish."
See the Judiciary Act of 1789. Not only did it establish the three tiered structure of the federal court system, but established the supreme court as well. It left the details of lower courts to Congress.
The Constitution established only one federal court, the Supreme Court. It left to Congress the job of creating the federal court system. Congress has created two types of federal courts, District and Courts of Appeals . It has also enacted laws dealing with the size and function of the Supreme Court.
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Great Compromise
Yes, this is an expressed power of the constitution.
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Congress. They began creating the federal court system with the Judiciary Act of 1789.
No, only Congress can set up the court system according to Article 3 and 1 of the US Constitution
The Judiciary Act of 1789
After the Dread Scott case the Supreme Court declared the Missouri Compromise of 1820 unconstitutional
George Washington was the first President under the new US Constitution. He assumed office on March 4, 1789. The US Supreme Court was established by the Judiciary Act of 1789, and Washington nominated the first six justices in September of that year.
Congress created the Supreme Court of the United States and the first "inferior courts" of the federal judiciary in the Judiciary Act of 1789, but has expanded or dismantled parts of the federal court system at various points in history via other Judiciary Acts. The only federal court Congress cannot abolish is the Supreme Court because it is mandated under Article III of the Constitution.