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unicameral A one house legislature is a unicameral. A two house legislature is a bicameral.
There are two parts to the Legislative Branch, they are Senate and House of Representatives. In the House of Representatives the leader is always from the majority party. In the House of Representatives the leader is called the Speaker of the House. In the Senate, from the majority party, their leader is called the President Pro-tem.
The top official for each of the two major parties are called majority leader and minority leader. Which ever party has the most members in the house calls their top official the majority leader and the other party leader is then called the minority leader.
No, it can be overturned by a two thirds majority of each house.
The top two positions in the House are actually a top four position. Those positions consist of the Majority Leader and the Majority Whip, the Minority Leader and the Minority Whip. Each is consistent with the relative party that is in control of the house.