Gerrymandering is a way of redrawing lines in a voting district to favor a candidate/political opponent and to hurt their opponent's chances of winning. For instance, a Republican could draw district lines to include many Republican voters into one district. They could also draw the district lines to split up the Democrat voters, making it difficult for them to ever be a majority of the district. Often, gerrymandering is obvious because of the strangely-shaped districts.
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When legislators draw geographical boundaries in such a way as to determine the outcome of an election to the advantage of one political party over another.
Apportionment
The process of drawing congressional district lines to favor a political party is called gerrymandering. The word comes from the combination of the name Gerry and the word salamander. Gerry was the governor of Massachusetts in 1812 when the congressional districts in his state were redrawn to favor his Democratic-Republican Party. One of the words was said to resemble a salamander.
Balls
It's called apportionment or to apportion.
House of Representative members are apportioned based on a state's population. The larger the population the more representatives. California currently has the most representatives with 53 members.