The theory of Republicanism has its roots in Ancient Greece in Plato's book, The Republic. It believes political power should rest in the hands of the citizens of the country, as opposed to hereditary rule (monarchy, dictator) or aristocracy (rule by the social-economic elite). The resulting system of government is a "republic," in which the citizens vote to elect government officials, representatives to a legislature to pass laws and a head of state (president). A republic limits the power of government according to a written constituion. In a republic, the rights of individuals and the minorty are protected, as in the protections in the Bill of Rights in the United States Constitution. In a pure democracy, the majority has absolute rule and those in the minority have no rights. In the U.S., the idea of republicanism was established by the Founding Fatlhers during the American Revolution. A good reference work is john Locke's Second Treatise of Civil Government. -- Contributed by Ray Kovach, Chicago, IL
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