Checks and balances
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Separation of Powers
It doesn't quite work that way. The States and their people ARE the government, and they have allowed the Federal government to do a very few things like regulate sales of items between and among the States, provide a military to protect all of the States, and to mint money.
because when there is an argument between the two, the national govt always wins in something called the supremacy clause. plus any new even that comes up cause difficulty.
Concurrent;
This is called Federalism