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Franklin Delano Roosevelt appointed eight justices to the US Supreme Court.
If Roosevelt's draft legislation had passed Congress, he would have been able to appoint one additional justice for each sitting justice over the age of 70.5, up to a maximum of six, for a potential total Court size of 15. The Legislative branch has the constitutional authority to determine the size of the Supreme Court, however, and correctly recognized Roosevelt's plan as an attempt to pack the Court with justices favorable to his New Deal legislation.
No president has yet made more nominations or appointments to the Supreme Court than George Washington (who was starting from scratch). 10 of Washington's 14 nominations were ultimately confirmed.
It's a little tricky, though, because those 14 nominations only represent 11 actual people. Washington nominated one person, withdrew the nomination, then nominated him again a few days later (whereupon he was confirmed). Also, two of the nominations were already serving on the court when Washington nominated them to replace the Chief Justice; one was rejected by the senate and one declined the nomination. So Washington nominated 11 Justices total, of whom 10 were confirmed by the senate.
John Rutlege was an interesting case: When Washington nominated him as one of the original associate Justices, the Senate confirmed the appointment, but he resigned six months later to serve on a South Carolina court instead. When John Jay died, Washingon appointed Rutledge Chief Justice until the Senate resumed session. However, a month after this appointment, Rutledge made a speech containing some scathing remarks about the Jay Treaty with Great Britain. The treaty was supported by both the Administration and the Senate, so his condemnation of it was highly controversial. When the time came for his confirmation, he was rejected by a vote of 14-10.
The only president who's even come close to Washington's record of 11 nominations and 10 confirmations was Franklin Roosevelt, who managed 9 for 9. John Tyler also made 9 nominations (with only 5 actual people involved; two of them were nominated twice, and one was nominated 3 times), but only one of them was ever confirmed by the senate.
If you're getting the feeling that Tyler was not well-liked by the Senate ... well, you'd be right; the Whigs controlled the Senate, and they figured they could wait out "His Accidency" and then confirm the appointments made by his successor, whom they expected would be Henry Clay (it wasn't). It reportedly surprised everyone, including Tyler, when one of his nominations was finally confirmed (he eventually nominated someone the Whigs could stand instead of sending them the same people over and over).
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Can US Supreme Court justices' pay be reduced?
No. Article III, Section 1, says they shall "receive for their services, a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office":The judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The judges, both of the supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behaviour, and shall, at stated times, receive for their services, a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office.AnswerThe Constitution says Congress cannot lower the pay of the Supreme Court justices; however, the Justices' pay was sometimes reduced in the early 19th century, although the circumstances surrounding the adjustment and how Constitutional issues were resolved is left in question.
How long did Justice Hugo Black serve on the Supreme Court?
Hugo Black was the first of eight Supreme Court justices President Franklin Roosevelt nominated during his tenure. Black, a Democratic Senator from Alabama, was also the first candidate whose nomination was referred to the Senate Judiciary Committee for review. His appointment was controversial because he was nominated while an incumbent in Congress, which appeared to be unconstitutional. The Committee resolved their concerns and voted 13-4 to recommend his commission, which the Senate accomplished by a vote of 63-13, on August 17, 1937. Black served under five Chief Justices between 1937-1971 (12,447 days), and was considered one of the most influential jurists of the 20th century.
How did Roger B Taney get to be supreme court justice?
Roger B. Taney became the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in the early part of the 19th century. He had been President Andrew Jackson's Attorney General and was a Secretary of the Treasury. Critics say that his close friendship with President Jackson was the reason that Taney was nominated to be Chief Justice and this was confirmed by the Senate.
How many Presidents of the US also served as Supreme Court justices?
Just one. William Howard Taft was President 1909-1913 and Chief Justice (appointed by Harding) 1921-1930. Another Justice, Charles Evans Hughes (Associate Justice 1910-1916, Chief Justice 1930-1941) ran for President in 1916 but narrowly lost to Woodrow Wilson.
How many white people are on the US Supreme Court?
Zero. In 1789, neither women nor non-whites were allowed to practice law nor participate in government in the United States. Neither had voting rights. Most African-Americans were held as slaves, and considered chattel (property), rather than citizens. Women had few legal rights and were subservient to their husbands. The United States, like most countries in the 18th century, was both patriarchal and xenophobic. That trend continues today, albeit to a lesser extent.President Lyndon Johnson appointed Thurgood Marshall as the first African-American on the US Supreme Court in 1967. President Ronald Reagan appointed Sandra Day O'Connor as the first female justice in 1981. To date, only two of 112 justices have been African-American, four have been women, one of whom (Sonia Sotomayor) is also Latina. Even Jewish people were excluded from the Court until President Wilson appointed Louis Brandeis in 1916.
Which US Presidents appointed US Supreme Court justices in the 21st century?
As of 2009, only Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama have appointed US Supreme Court justices in the 21st century.President Bush nominated Chief Justice John G. Roberts in 2005, and Associate Justice Samuel Alito in 2006. President Obama nominated Associate Justice Sonia Sotomayor in 2009.
Who are the Indian women in the field of law in the nineteenth and twentieth century?
Justice Fatima Beevi was the first woman Judge to be appointed to the Supreme Court. She was later followed by Justices Sujata Manohar and Ruma Lal.
What positions was Wayne Brunetti appointed to with New Century Energies?
appointed vice chairman, president, and chief operating officer; he became president and chief executive officer in 2000.
Do you have to be a resident to become a member of the supreme court?
You don't have to be a resident...or a citizen...a graduate of America's finest law school...a sitting judge...or even attended college to be a Justice on the Supreme Court. The only requirement, according to the Constitution, for a person to take a seat on the Supreme Court that person must be nominated by the president and approved by the Senate. That's it! George W. Bush wanted to seat Harriet Miers, who'd never been a judge but was a lawyer. The Senate reported they were planning to not approve her because she'd never been a judge...but if a hog farmer or a diesel mechanic who never graduated from high school (a couple of Justices in the 19th century were high school dropouts who learned the law from reading books, so it's possible) could prove they had the greatest legal mind of all time to the satisfaction of the president and the Senate, the Supreme Court would seat that person.In today's legal environment that wouldn't happen because America has enough sitting judges they don't need to look outside their ranks for new Supreme Court Justices, but there's no law that says they can't still do it.
Why did President Washington appoint so many members of the US Supreme Court?
President Washington offered fourteen nominations that resulted in seating eleven justices.The primary reason President Washington appointed so many justices is that he was President when the US Supreme Court was established, giving him the opportunity to fill the first six positions.In the 18th century, Supreme Court justices were required to "ride Circuit," presiding over intermediate appellate cases twice a year when not holding Court in Philadelphia (then the nation's capital). A typical circuit ride was a round trip of approximately 1,800 miles, mostly traveled over rough terrain on horseback or by carriage. Some of the justices resigned because the long days and harsh conditions took a tole on their health or family lives; these men had to be replaced by new nominees.Washington also had difficulty finding a Chief Justice to replace John Jay, when Jay was elected Governor of New York, in 1795. The President made a recess appointment of John Rutledge, whose commission was later rejected by the Senate; he then nominated William Cushing, an Associate Justice on the Court, who was confirmed but declined the lead role; finally, Washington selected Oliver Ellsworth, who was approved in March 1996. Ellsworth was Washington's last nomination before leaving office.For more information about George Washington's Supreme Court appointments, see Related Questions, below.
What 20th century president served as supreme commander of the allied forces in Europe and as us army chief of staff?
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Why isn't the pay of US Supreme Court justices ever lowered?
AnswerArticle III, Section 1, says they shall "receive for their services, a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office":The judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The judges, both of the supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behaviour, and shall, at stated times, receive for their services, a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office.AnswerThe Constitution says Congress cannot lower the pay of the Supreme Court justices; however, the Justices' pay was sometimes reduced in the early 19th century, although the circumstances surrounding the adjustment and how Constitutional issues were resolved is left in question.
Can US Supreme Court justices' pay be reduced?
No. Article III, Section 1, says they shall "receive for their services, a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office":The judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The judges, both of the supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behaviour, and shall, at stated times, receive for their services, a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office.AnswerThe Constitution says Congress cannot lower the pay of the Supreme Court justices; however, the Justices' pay was sometimes reduced in the early 19th century, although the circumstances surrounding the adjustment and how Constitutional issues were resolved is left in question.
Is Teddy Roosevelt a twentieth century president?
Yes, at the very beginning of the 20th century he was president.
How long did Justice Hugo Black serve on the Supreme Court?
Hugo Black was the first of eight Supreme Court justices President Franklin Roosevelt nominated during his tenure. Black, a Democratic Senator from Alabama, was also the first candidate whose nomination was referred to the Senate Judiciary Committee for review. His appointment was controversial because he was nominated while an incumbent in Congress, which appeared to be unconstitutional. The Committee resolved their concerns and voted 13-4 to recommend his commission, which the Senate accomplished by a vote of 63-13, on August 17, 1937. Black served under five Chief Justices between 1937-1971 (12,447 days), and was considered one of the most influential jurists of the 20th century.
How did Roger B Taney get to be supreme court justice?
Roger B. Taney became the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in the early part of the 19th century. He had been President Andrew Jackson's Attorney General and was a Secretary of the Treasury. Critics say that his close friendship with President Jackson was the reason that Taney was nominated to be Chief Justice and this was confirmed by the Senate.
Can anyone serve as a US Supreme Court justice even if he or she is not a lawyer?
The technical answer is no, there are no Constitutional or legislative qualifications for US Supreme Court justices.All 112 past and present Supreme Court justices have been lawyers, although those who served in the early days of the Court learned the law by reading and apprenticing with more experienced attorneys because there were few law schools back then.There have been some lawyers who were never judges appointed, most famously, Earl Warren. Eisenhower appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1953 to thank him for his support in CA during the Republican primaries. Warren was an ex-state Attorney General and an extremely popular governor of CA, but he had never been a judge. He went on to become one of the most active Chief Justices ever, greatly expanding legal protections, especially for minorities (e.g. Brown v. Board of Education, 1954) and criminal defendants (Miranda v. Arizona, 1966).
