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In single tier local government there is only one lay of local authority in any clearly defined territorial area
the power of the government is defined by the
The Federal Government's powers are defined; other rights are reserved for the states and the people. People, includes local governments as well. The Framers wanted to ensure that the central governments powers were more clearly defined.
To a degree, it did. Federalism established the hierarchy of power (National government, then state, then local). The powers of each level of government were defined fairly clearly, so states solved their own states' rights issues, and they didn't need to wait for national government action.
The basis of the Constitution is sovereign individuals living in sovereign States, with a limited federal government that deals exclusively with states and not with individual citizens. This was clearly expressed in the limited and tightly-defined list of powers and authorities granted to the federal government in the U.S. Constitution.