In sociology and political science, elitist theory of government argues that power is held by a small group of people. Elite theorists included Elmer Eric Schattschneider, Thomas R. Dye, and James Burnham.
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The democratic theory of government makes the case that no one group of people controls the majority of government decisions.
The main idea of the pluralist theory is defined by who is running the government. Pluralist theory says that a group of people run the government instead of just one person.
A government ruled by a small group of people is an oligarchy.
Oligarchy is the rule of the few. In this system an elite group or even a single dictator has absolute power. This is always disastrous due to human nature.
a government that is characterized by a loosely organized group of individual and independent states and a weak central government