When the United States is party to a case in the Supreme Court, it is represented by the office of the US Solicitor General. The Solicitor General's office is under the US Attorney General's Office; they are both part of the Department of Justice in the Executive branch.
The Solicitor General's office has a staff of attorneys whose job it is to argue on behalf of the government. If the case is important enough, the Solicitor General him- or herself may represent the US.
Justice Elena Kagan was US Solicitor General before her elevation to the Supreme Court; Neal Katyal is currently (December 2010) the Acting Solicitor General.
No. The U.S. Attorney General is head of the Department of Justice and the top law enforcement officer for the United States, but does not typically argue before the Supreme Court, except under special circumstances. The current Attorney General is Eric Holder. The U.S. Solicitor General (and staff attorneys), who is also a member of the Department of Justice, represents the government before the Supreme Court. The Solicitor General, while not a true member of the Court, is sometimes called "the tenth Justice."
Opening the session:"The Honorable, the Chief Justice and the Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States."As the Justices enter the courtroom:"Oyez, oyez, oyez: All persons having business before the Honorable, the Supreme Court of the United States, are admonished to draw near and give their attention, for the Court is now sitting. God save the United States and this honorable Court."
The Supreme Court Historical Society hosts a photograph of the justices as a group. The current photograph was taken before Justice Kagan joined the Court, and before Justice Stevens retired; however, the Historical Society promises an update soon. To see a picture of the justices of the Supreme Court of the United States, you can access the Supreme Court Historical Society via Related Links, below.
They receive a white quill pen as a memento. For more information, see Related Questions, below.
The president is the highest elected official, followed by the vice president, then the Senate and House of Representatives, the Supreme Court is on the same level of the Senate. However the United States government by design has a balance of powers, so there isn't a single highest power in all circumstances. Presidents for instance aren't above the law, and can be called before congress or the Supreme court through the process of impeachment.
Before their cases is decided before the Supreme court of the United States, the parties must make their final submissions.
The President of the United States nominates individuals to serve on the Supreme Court. The nomination must then be confirmed by the Senate before the individual can be appointed as a Supreme Court Justice.
Represent the United States Federal Government before the Supreme Court.
Members of the United States Supreme Court are appointed by the President of the United States. The appointee must already be a judge and will go before a committed for interviews before being appointed.
The U.S. Solicitor General's Office, a part of the Department of Justice, argues for the United States when the nation is a party to a case. They also submit amicus curiae ("friend of the court") briefs when the nation has an interest in the outcome of a case to which it is not a party.Justice Elena Kagan was US Solicitor General before her elevation to the Supreme Court; Neal Katyal is currently (December 2010) the Acting Solicitor General.
Before Brown v. Board of Education, schools in the United States were segregated. The Supreme Court ruled on the case in 1954.
The United States Solicitor General is the person appointed to represent the Government of the United States before the Supreme Court of the United States. Currently, the Solicitor General is Elena Kagan, who was confirmed by the United States Senate on March 19, 2009. The Principal Deputy, Neal Katyal, is currently serving as Acting Solicitor General.The Solicitor General determines the legal position that the United States will take in the Supreme Court. In addition to supervising and conducting cases in which the government is a party, the Solicitor General's office also files amicus curiae briefs in cases in which the federal government has a significant interest in the legal issue. The Solicitor General's office argues on behalf of the government in virtually every case in which the United States is a party, and also argues in most of the cases in which the government has filed an amicus brief. In the federal courts of appeals, the Office of the Solicitor General reviews cases decided against the United States and determines whether the government will seek review in the Supreme Court. The Solicitor General's office also reviews cases decided against the United States in the federal district courts and approves every case in which the government files an appeal.
No. The U.S. Attorney General is head of the Department of Justice and the top law enforcement officer for the United States, but does not typically argue before the Supreme Court, except under special circumstances. The current Attorney General is Eric Holder. The U.S. Solicitor General (and staff attorneys), who is also a member of the Department of Justice, represents the government before the Supreme Court. The Solicitor General, while not a true member of the Court, is sometimes called "the tenth Justice."
United States Appeals Courts, if by Federal you mean the Supreme Court. Otherwise, the chain goes- Local -> Appeals -> Supreme/Federal Court
The Marshall of the Court announces the justices as they enter the courtroom by chanting, "The Honorable, the Chief Justice and the Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States. Oyez! Oyez! Oyez! All persons having business before the Honorable, the Supreme Court of the United States, are admonished to draw near and give their attention, for the Court is now sitting. God save the United States and this Honorable Court!"
Opening the session:"The Honorable, the Chief Justice and the Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States."As the Justices enter the courtroom:"Oyez, oyez, oyez: All persons having business before the Honorable, the Supreme Court of the United States, are admonished to draw near and give their attention, for the Court is now sitting. God save the United States and this honorable Court."
Thurgood Marshall, who successfully argued Brown versus the Board of Education before the Supreme Court was appointed he first African American Justice of the United States Supreme Court afterwards.