The Senate finds an impeached man guilty. They do this by conducting a vote. A vote of at least two-thirds Senators are needed to impeach an official.
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An impeached man is found guilty by the Senate. This is only passes if two-thirds of the Senate vote for the impeachment motion.
To accuse a judge of a crime is called impeachment. If an official is found guilty of a crime they can be impeached and removed from their appointment.
No. According to Article III of the Constitution, US Supreme Court justices receive lifetime commissions, and may only be involuntarily removed if impeached by the House of Representatives, then tried and found guilty by the Senate. Justices must be guilty of misconduct or illegal activities to be impeached.
If the President is impeached AND found guilty by Congress, the Vice-President becomes President. IF the then-President (former Vice-President) is Impeached AND found guilty by Congress, the Speaker of the House becomes President.... Note that just impeaching and charging ALL of those 3 could take a President's entire term (4 years). This is why it's important to Vote and to Vote Wisely.
Given that he has most likey committed a felony in order to get impeached and convicted, it is likely most states would deny him the right to vote. If he is convicted or pleads guilty to a crime prior to impeachment, he would likely lose his voting rights in most states for a period of time. See Sources and related links for additional information.
2 have gone before Congress for impeachment. Andrew Johnson the Vice President for Lincoln who took the office after his death. Bill Clinton was the second president. Nixon would have been impeached if he hadn't resigned.