Brown vs. board of education of topeka. The District Court ruled in favor of the Board of Education, and the court voted to overturn sixty years of law that had developed under Plessy.
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They can "change" the Constitution by making rulings in lawsuits on the meaning of the Constitution's wording. They don't change, add to or subtract from the words in the Constitution the way an Amendment would, but they can read the same words differently. A good example is the one concerning racial segregation. In the 1896 case of Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court ruled that separate restrooms for whites and blacks was not unconstitutional as long as the facilities were equal. In effect, racial segregation was constitutional. Then the Supreme Court in the 1954 case of Brown v. Board of Education ruled that "separate but equal" facilities were inherently unequal and therefore unconstitutional. In effect, segregation was now unconstitutional. The Constitution had changed even though not one word, comma or sentence of the Constitution had been changed in the time between the two cases.
The US Supreme Court first declared segregation in public education unconstitutional in 1954, in the consolidated cases heard under the caption Brown v. Board of Education, (1954) and its companion case, Bolling v. Sharpe, (1954). These overturned the decision in Plessy v. Ferguson, (1896), that allowed "separate but equal" accommodations for African-Americans in most areas of life, including education. In Brown, the Supreme Court determined that "separated but equal" wasn't equal, and unfairly branded African-American students as inferior.Earlier cases not necessarily specific to public education, but to desegregation in general, laid the foundation for the decision in Brown. For more specific information, see Related Question, below.Case Citation:Brown v. Board of Education, 347 US 483 (1954)For more information, see Related Questions, below.
The court ruled that separate but equal wasn't equality, so the schools needed integrate.
To expand the rights of minorities and women but also to limit programs that did not provide equal protection for the majority
Brown v. Board of Education, 347 US 483 (1954)The Supreme Court ruled that segregation in education was unconstitutional and that the African-American students could attend the originally segregated white schools. While this ended de jure (legal) segregation, the Supreme Court didn't outline the method for desegregation until Brown II (Brown v. Board of Education, 349 US 294 (1955), the following year.For more information, see Related Questions, below.