The philosopher Thomas Hobbes said it, it came from the Leviathan (a book collecting most of his work)
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A 17th century philosopher and educator, Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) has long been famous for his pithy yet unflattering description of the natural state (or, "state of nature") of human beings as "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." He argued further that human life outside of civilization is an ongoing war of all against all.
According to Thomas Hobbes, without government, human society would descend into a state of nature characterized by chaos and violence. In this state, life would be "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short" as individuals compete for resources and power without any overarching authority to maintain order. Hobbes believed that a strong central government was necessary to prevent this state of nature and ensure social stability.
Thomas Hobbes wrote the Leviathan (1651). He was convinced that all humans were naturally selfish and wicked. Without government to keep order Hobbes said, there would be "war . . . of every man against every man," and life would be "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." In order to escape such a bleak life people had to hand over their rights to a strong ruler.
Hobbes had the ideas from the English Civil War that all humans were naturally selfish and wicked. Without governments keeping order, Hobbes said there would be "war of every man against every man." Life would be "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." To escape such a bad life, people gave up their rights up to a strong ruler and in return people gained Law and Order. Hobbes believed that an absolute monarchy was the type of government needed. Locke was more into a more positive view of human nature. He believed that people could learn from experience and improve themselves. He thought that they had the natural ability to govern their own affairs and to look after the welfare of society. He believed that people are born free and equal and government should protect these rights. He thought that the type of government there should be is self-government.
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