Great Britain is not called the UK. This is a common confusion. Great Britain is the name of an island containing England, Scotland and Wales. The United Kingdom is all of Great Britain and also Northern Ireland. Northern Ireland is on the island of Ireland, so it is not part of Great Britain. So Great Britain is not the UK, just part of it, though many people think they are the same and so they use both names.
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Like all of her colonies, England was the mother country of the American Colonies from 1607 until when the American Colonists declared themselves separate from her in 1776. Of course as the mother, England would not let go of her rebellious children, the American Colonies, until the independence of those children was recognized in 1783.
Other examples of England being the mother country include....
1.) Canada
2.) Australia
3.) New Zealand
4.) India
5.) South Africa
6.) Jamaica
7.) Ireland
Of course, there are dozens of others which were a part of the British Empire from 1783 to 1997, but the term "mother country" is decisively used to describe the relationship between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland as the mother, and its legacy of colonizing the present-day United States of America which is a historical remant of the 1st British Empire.
England was called the Mother Country because that is where most of those living in the New World came from. They migrated from England to America for a better life.
The American rebels in the American Revolution were fighting for their rights and their country against the mother country, Britain. On the other hand, the Loyalists remained supportive of Britain against the rebels in the war.
Great Britain was the Mother Country of the 13 American Colonies that are now part of the US. Other countries that had colonies in the Americas include Russia, France and Spain. Some of these former colonies (Alaska, Louisianas, Texas, California, etc.) are also part of today's US, though they were not part of the original 13 states.
The British were trying to make the colonists pay taxes to Britain and continue to serve them in ANY capacity. Basically serving the British as if they lived in Britain! The colonists didn't think they should have to live under the rule of Britain without being able to form their own government or setting rules apart from the Mother England. England wanted to keep control of the colonies. Colonists wanted to be separate from England.
On the side of the allies. The enemy was called the "central powers."
If you are talking about America, then Great Britain. Great Britain told the Americans that they were the "mother country" and the colonists were "children". The colonists soon grew tired of being "children" and having their "mother" tax them on goods, as well as freedoms. So they decided to revolt.