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The Democratic party split over the slavery issue and nominated two candidates in separate conventions. The Republicans were a new party made up of northern Whigs and others. They were against expansion of slavery and opposed Buchanan. The long existing Whig party died. A new Constitutional Union party was formed of old Whigs who did not want to join the Republicans.
The candidates:
John Bell, from a new Southern party stood for no expansion of slavery, but allowing it where it existed.
John C. Breckinridge, Southern Democrat, stood for protection of slavery in new territories.
Stephen A. Douglas, Northern Democrat, stood for popular sovereignty and supported President Buchanan's programs.
Abraham Lincoln , Republican (Northern) was against slavery but hoped to gradually end the practice. Said nothing about slavery during the campaign,

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Every presidential election has included more than two candidates.

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Q: Why were four parties and candidates in the presidential election of 1860?
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