River valleys provided a good number of things that helped early civilizations. Settlements within river valleys:
* provided a source of fresh water for early human settlements near the river within the valley;
* provided a source of food such as fish and also for game that came to the river for water;
* provided for a means of transportation when boats were built to allow early civilizations to travel to other settlements and thus trade by barter or by precious metals; and
* provided for irrigation when water from the nearby river could be channeled by digging ditches to fertilize croplands.
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art, goverment and culture is what characterizes a civilization, they developed in the fertile cresent [the land between the two rivers].
The first ancient societies arose in Mesopotamia and Egypt in the Middle East, in the Indus Valley ... It not only made settlements possible--and ultimately the building of cities--but it also made ... The first great civilizations grew up along rivers.
Mesopotamia is roughly the region now known as Iraq, one of the places where civilization first started (in the form of city states.) "Meso" means "middle" or "between" and "potamia" refers to rivers; Mesopotamia is the area in and around the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. This is not a coincidence; other places where early civilizations began also were around rivers (such as the Nile or Indus Valley civilizations) because people needed an agricultural surplus in order to build cities and engage in other, specialized activities.
The first great civilizations are, arguably, ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. What they had in common is that both were in very arid places (deserts) but centered around large rivers. They used irrigation to turn the deserts into fertile land.
Mesopotamia