the people who had settleed in the southern mespotamia were the sumerains.
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Southern Iraq is part of Mesopotamia. Western Iran is also part of Mesopotamia.
The Arab invaders who settled in Mesopotamia and Spain.
The Sumerians were and there civilization was in Mesopotamia, which is modern day Iraq.
Mesopotamia was the land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in what is now Iraq.Over population and drought in the mountains surrounding the Tigris & Euphrates river valley drove people to settle there where water from the rivers could sustain them.
Initially his generals seized different parts of Alexander's empire and fought amongst each other for territory. This eventually settled down to Macedonia, Egypt and Syria-Mesopotamia.